Table 2 Studies assessing the effect of colonoscopy surveillance interval in LS

Järvinen, 2000

[3]

Amsterdam criteria and LS, gene tested

Prospective, controlled non-randomized trial

3 years

CRC reduced 62% in 15 years compared to not screened.Mortality reduced 65% vs. no CS surveillance. Adherence 93%.

Dove-Edwin, 2005

[13]

Amsterdam criteria

Retrospective

3 years

Estimated 72% reduction of CRC mortality when screened. Adherence not reported.

Mecklin, 2007

[4]

LS, gene tested

Prospective, observational

3 years

Estimated risk for CRC 22% for women and 35% for men before age 60. No increase in CRC mortality compared to non-carriers. Adherence 98%.

Järvinen, 2009

[14]

LS, gene tested

Prospective, controlled non-randomized observational

3 years

CRC incidence 12.4% in 11·5 years, no increase in CRC mortality compared to non-carriers. Adherence 96%.

De vos tot Nederveen Cappel, 2002

[15]

Amsterdam criteria or gene tested

Retrospective

2-3 years

10.5% cumulative CRC risk in 10 years under surveillance. Lower tumor stage if CS interval < 2 years.

Stormorken, 2007

[5]

Amsterdam criteria or gene tested

Prospective, observational

2-3 years

CRC incidence of LS carriers not increased compared to non-carriers. Adherence not reported.

Newton, 2015

[6]

LS, gene tested

Retrospective

2-3 years

CRC incidence 25% at age 70. Adherence 87%.

Stupart, 2009

[16]

LS, MLH1 mutation

Prospective, controlled non-randomized observational

1-2 years

CRC incidence 11% in 5 years compared to 27% if no surveillance. Adherence not reported.

Vasen, 2010

[7]

LS, gene tested

Retrospective

1-2 years

CRC cumulative risk 6% in 7·2 years. Adherence not reported.

Engel, 2010

[17]

LS, gene tested

Prospective, controlled non-randomized observational

1-2 years

CRC cumulative risk at age 60 23%, early stages. Adherence 81% to 15 months.

Stuckless, 2012

[18]

LS, MSH2 mutation

Retrospective

1-2 years

CRC reduced 71% in 10 years, interval cancers 27% in males and 15% in females. Adherence 44%.