Table 1 Reported familial risks and heritability of cervical cancer
From: Familial Cervical Cancer: Case Reports, Review and Clinical Implications
Author | Type of study | Number of patients | Number of controls | Risk for first degree relative to develop CIN/CIS/CC | Comments | Heritability (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Furgyik et al. [20] | case-control | relatives of 180 CIS/CC patients | relatives of 105 male consorts | 7.9% vs. 1.1% (p < 0.01) 7.5% vs. 1.0% (p < 0.01) 15.6% | % of mothers with CIS/CC % of sisters with CIS/CC % of mothers and/or sisters with CIS/CC | Â |
Brinton et al. [18] | case-control | 418 SCC patients 23 ASC patients 40 AC patients | 801 healthy women | OR = 3.1 (p <0.05) OR = 9.9 (p <0.05) OR = 2.49 (N.S.) | family history of CC in patients vs. controls | Â |
Ahlbom et al. [13] | longitudinal cohort study twin study | 263 MZ twins 395 DZ twins MZ vs. DZ | - - | RR = 4.8 (95% CI 3.0-7.6) RR = 2.4 (95% CI 1.5-3.8) RR = 2.0 (95% CI 1.1-3.5) | risk for twin sister to develop CIS risk for twin sister to develop CIS comparing MZ and DZ twins | 39-46% |
Hemminki et al. [12] | longitudinal cohort study | relatives of 125,569 CIS patients relatives of 13,982 CC patients | relatives of 3,901,140 healthy women | FRR = 1.79 (95% CI 1.75-1.84) FRR = 2.30 (95% CI 1.66-2.93) | risk for daughters of patients vs. daughters of healthy women to develop CIS risk for daughters of patients vs. daughters of healthy women to develop CC | 11-15% (CIS) 22-34% (CC) |
Magnusson et al. [21] | nested case-control study in cohort study | relatives of 71,533 CIN/CIS/CC patients | relatives of 194,810 healthy women | FRR = 1.83 (95% CI 1.77-1.88) vs. FRR = 1.10 (95% CI 0.76-1.54) FRR = 1.93 (95% CI 1.85-2.01) vs. FRR = 1.15 (95% CI 0.82-1.57) FRR = 1.45 (95% CI 1.31-1.60) | risk for biologic vs. adoptive mothers risk for biologic vs. adoptive sisters risk for half-sisters (same mother or same father) | - |
Magnusson et al. [14] | longitudinal cohort study | relatives of 65,685 CIN/CIS/CC patients | relatives of 189,635 healthy women | - | - | 27% |
Hemminki et al. [22] | longitudinal cohort study | relatives of 191,081 CIS patients relatives of 21,727 CC patients | relatives of 5,935,132 healthy women | RR = 1.51-1.77 (95% CI 1.33-2.10) RR = 1.73-2.12 (95% CI 1.37-3.17) | risk for relatives of patients vs. relatives of healthy women | Â |
Fischer et al. [19] | Longitudinal cohort study | relatives of 893 CC patients | - | 6.9% | % of relatives with CC | Â |